Who Was the First Woman Reading Names of the 911
On September 11, 2001, nineteen militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al Qaeda hijacked four airplanes and carried out suicide attacks confronting targets in the Usa. Ii of the planes were flown into the twin towers of the Globe Merchandise Center in New York City, a 3rd aeroplane hit the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside Washington, D.C., and the fourth plane crashed in a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Virtually 3,000 people were killed during the ix/11 terrorist attacks, which triggered major U.S. initiatives to combat terrorism and defined the presidency of George W. Bush.
Earth Trade Center
On September 11, 2001, at eight:45 a.k. on a articulate Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with xx,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the north tower of the World Merchandise Eye in New York City.
The impact left a gaping, burning hole virtually the 80th floor of the 110-story skyscraper, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more in higher floors.
As the evacuation of the tower and its twin got underway, television cameras broadcasted alive images of what initially appeared to exist a freak accident. And then, 18 minutes after the commencement plane striking, a second Boeing 767—United Airlines Flight 175—appeared out of the heaven, turned sharply toward the World Merchandise Centre and sliced into the south tower well-nigh the 60th floor.
The standoff caused a massive explosion that showered called-for droppings over surrounding buildings and onto the streets beneath. It immediately became clear that America was nether set on.
READ MORE: How nine/11 Became the Deadliest Mean solar day in History for U.Southward. Firefighters
Osama bin Laden
The hijackers were Islamic terrorists from Kingdom of saudi arabia and several other Arab nations. Reportedly financed by the al Qaeda terrorist system of Saudi avoiding Osama bin Laden, they were allegedly acting in retaliation for America's support of Israel, its involvement in the Persian Gulf War and its continued war machine presence in the Middle Eastward.
Some of the terrorists had lived in the United states of america for more than a year and had taken flying lessons at American commercial flight schools. Others had slipped into the country in the months earlier September 11 and acted equally the "muscle" in the operation.
The 19 terrorists easily smuggled box-cutters and knives through security at 3 East Coast airports and boarded four early-morning flights leap for California, chosen because the planes were loaded with fuel for the long transcontinental journeying. Shortly afterwards takeoff, the terrorists commandeered the four planes and took the controls, transforming ordinary passenger jets into guided missiles.
WATCH: Road to ix/11 on HISTORY Vault
Pentagon Attack
As millions watched the events unfolding in New York, American Airlines Flight 77 circled over downtown Washington, D.C., before crashing into the due west side of the Pentagon military headquarters at 9:45 a.m.
Jet fuel from the Boeing 757 caused a devastating inferno that led to the structural plummet of a portion of the giant physical building, which is the headquarters of the U.Southward. Department of Defence.
All told, 125 military machine personnel and civilians were killed in the Pentagon, forth with all 64 people aboard the airliner.
READ MORE: How the Pentagon's Pattern Saved Lives on September 11
Twin Towers Collapse
Less than fifteen minutes after the terrorists struck the nerve center of the U.S. military, the horror in New York took a catastrophic turn when the south tower of the Earth Trade Eye complanate in a massive deject of dust and smoke.
The structural steel of the skyscraper, congenital to withstand winds in excess of 200 miles per hour and a large conventional fire, could not withstand the tremendous heat generated by the burning jet fuel.
At 10:30 a.m., the north building of the twin towers collapsed. Only six people in the World Trade Middle towers at the time of their collapse survived. Most 10,000 others were treated for injuries, many severe.
Come across More than: 9/11 Photos
Flight 93
Meanwhile, a fourth California-bound plane—United Flying 93—was hijacked about 40 minutes after leaving Newark Liberty International Aerodrome in New Bailiwick of jersey. Because the plane had been delayed in taking off, passengers on board learned of events in New York and Washington via cell phone and Airfone calls to the basis.
Knowing that the aircraft was not returning to an airport equally the hijackers claimed, a group of passengers and flight attendants planned an coup.
One of the passengers, Thomas Burnett, Jr., told his wife over the phone that "I know nosotros're all going to dice. There's 3 of us who are going to practise something virtually information technology. I love you, love." Another passenger—Todd Beamer—was heard saying "Are you guys ready? Let's roll" over an open line.
Sandy Bradshaw, a flying attendant, called her husband and explained that she had slipped into a galley and was filling pitchers with boiling water. Her final words to him were "Everyone's running to first class. I've got to get. Goodbye."
The passengers fought the iv hijackers and are suspected to have attacked the cockpit with a fire extinguisher. The plane and so flipped over and sped toward the ground at upwardly of 500 miles per hour, crashing in a rural field well-nigh Shanksville in western Pennsylvania at 10:ten a.m.
All 44 people aboard were killed. Its intended target is not known, simply theories include the White House, the U.Southward. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland or 1 of several nuclear power plants along the eastern seaboard.
READ MORE: What Was Flight 93's Target?
How Many People Died in the 9/xi Attacks?
A full of 2,996 people were killed in the 9/11 attacks, including the 19 terrorist hijackers aboard the 4 airplanes. Citizens of 78 countries died in New York, Washington, D.C., and Pennsylvania.
At the Earth Trade Center, 2,763 died after the 2 planes slammed into the twin towers. That figure includes 343 firefighters and paramedics, 23 New York City constabulary officers and 37 Port Authority police officers who were struggling to complete an evacuation of the buildings and save the office workers trapped on higher floors.
At the Pentagon, 189 people were killed, including 64 on American Airlines Flying 77, the airliner that struck the building. On Flight 93, 44 people died when the plane crash-landed in Pennsylvania.
America Responds to the Attacks
At 7 p.m., President George W. Bush-league, who was in Florida at the time of the attacks and had spent the mean solar day being shuttled around the country because of security concerns, returned to the White House.
At 9 p.thousand., he delivered a televised address from the Oval Office, declaring, "Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, only they cannot affect the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve."
In a reference to the eventual U.South. military machine response he declared, "We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them."
Operation Indelible Liberty, the American-led international effort to oust the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden's terrorist network based at that place, began on October seven. Within two months, U.Due south. forces had finer removed the Taliban from operational power, but the war continued, equally U.Due south. and coalition forces attempted to defeat a Taliban insurgency campaign based in neighboring Pakistan.
Osama bin Laden, the mastermind backside the September 11th attacks, remained at large until May 2, 2011, when he was finally tracked down and killed by U.South. forces at a hideout in Abbottabad, Pakistan. In June 2011, and so-President Barack Obama announced the beginning of large-scale troop withdrawals from Afghanistan; it took until Baronial 2021 for all U.S. forces to withdraw.
Department of Homeland Security Is Created
In the wake of security fears raised by nine/eleven and the mailing of letters containing anthrax that killed ii and infected 17, The Homeland Security Human activity of 2002 created the Section of Homeland Security. It was signed into police force by President George West. Bush on November 25, 2002. Today, the Department of Homeland Security is a chiffonier responsible for preventing terror attacks, border security, immigrations and customs and disaster relief and prevention.
The human action was followed 2 days after by the germination of the National Committee on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. The bipartisan "9/11 Committee," equally it came to be known, was charged with investigating the events that pb upward to September 11th. The 9/11 Commission Study was released on July 22, 2004. Information technology named Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the accused mastermind backside nine/11, "the main architect of the 9/11 attacks."
Mohammed led propaganda operations for al Qaeda from 1999-2001. He was captured on March 1, 2003 by the Central Intelligence Agency and Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence and interrogated before existence imprisoned in Guantanamo Bay detention camp with four other defendant terrorists charged with 9/xi-related war crimes. The utilize of torture, including waterboarding, during Khalid Sheikh Mohammed'southward interrogation has received international attention. In August 2019, a U.S. military court judge in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba fix a trial engagement for Mohammed and the other four men charged with plotting the ix/eleven terrorist attacks to begin in 2021; it was later on postponed because of the COVID-xix pandemic.
Economic Impact of ix/11
The 9/11 attacks had an immediate negative effect on the U.S. economy. Many Wall Street institutions, including the New York Stock Substitution, were evacuated during the attacks. On the first day of trading later the attacks, the market fell seven.ane percent, or 684 points. New York City's economy alone lost 143,000 jobs a month and $2.8 billion wages in the commencement three months. The heaviest losses were in finance and air transportation, which accounted for 60 percent of lost jobs. The estimated cost of the World Trade Center harm is $60 billion. The cost to clean the droppings at Footing Zero was $750 million.
READ MORE: 5 Means ix/eleven Changed America
nine/11 Victim Compensation Fund
Thousands of first responders and people working and living in lower Manhattan virtually Ground Nothing were exposed to toxic fumes and particles emanating from the towers as they burned and brutal. Past 2018, ten,000 people were diagnosed with ix/11-related cancer.
From 2001 to 2004, over $7 billion dollars in compensation was given to families of the 9/xi victims and the two,680 people injured in the attacks. Funding was renewed on Jan 2, 2011, when President Barack Obama signed The James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act into law. Named for James Zadroga, a New York City Constabulary officer who died of respiratory illness he contracted later rescuing people from the rubble at Ground Cipher, the police connected health monitoring and compensation for 9/xi offset responders and survivors.
In 2015, funding for the treatment of 9/eleven-related illness was renewed for 5 more years at a total of $7.4 billion. The Victim Bounty Fund was set to cease accepting claims in December 2020.
On July 29, 2019, and then-President Trump signed a constabulary authorizing support for the September 11 Victim Compensation Fund through 2092. Previously, administrators had cut benefits past up to 70 percentage equally the $7.4 billion fund depleted. Vocal lobbyists for the fund included Jon Stewart, nine/xi first responder John Feal and retired New York Law Department detective and 9/eleven responder Luis Alvarez, who died of cancer 18 days after testifying earlier Congress.
nine/11 Anniversary and Memorial
On December 18, 2001, Congress approved naming September 11 "Patriot Day" to commemorate the anniversary of the 9/11 attacks. In 2009, Congress named September 11 a National Twenty-four hour period of Service and Remembrance.
The first memorials to September 11 came in the immediate wake of the attacks, with candlelight vigils and flower tributes at U.S. embassies effectually the globe. In Britain, Queen Elizabeth sang the American national anthem during the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace. Rio de Janeiro put up billboards showing the urban center's Christ the Redeemer statue embracing the New York City skyline.
For the outset anniversary of the attacks in New York City in 2002, ii bright columns of light were shot up into the sky from where the Twin Towers once stood. The "Tribute in Light" then became an annual installation run by the Municipal Fine art Society of New York. On articulate nights, the beams are visible from over sixty miles abroad.
A World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was held to select an advisable permanent memorial to the victims of nine/11. The winning pattern past Michael Arad, "Reflecting Absenteeism," now sits outside the museum in an viii-acre park. It consists of two reflecting pools with waterfalls rushing down where the Twin Towers one time rose into the sky.
The names of all 2,983 victims are engraved on the 152 bronze panels surrounding the pools, arranged past where individuals were on the day of the attacks, and then coworkers and people on the same flight are memorialized together. The site was opened to the public on September xi, 2011, to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of nine/xi. The National September 11 Memorial & Museum followed, opening on the original World Merchandise Eye site in May 2014. The Freedom Belfry, too on the original World Trade Center site, opened in November 2014.
Photo Galleries
9/11: World Trade Center
9/11: FDNY
9/11: The Pentagon
ix/11: Flight 93
The President on 9/11
9/11 Lost and Institute: The Items Left Behind
Sources
"Report Confirms 9/11 Touch on New York City Economy." The New York Times
"September 11: most 10,000 people afflicted by 'cesspool of cancer.'" The Guardian.
"Congress passes nine/11 Victim Bounty Fund extension championed by Jon Stewart." CNN.com
The Encyclopedia of ix/11. New York Magazine.
FAQ About ix/11. 9/11 Memorial.
September 11th Terror Attacks Fast Facts. CNN.
ix/11 Death Statistics. StatisticBrain.com.
Who Was the First Woman Reading Names of the 911
Source: https://www.history.com/topics/21st-century/9-11-attacks
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